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Despite the sale of this article, the copyright remains with the above author. It is one of several Research Papers (Research Articles) published by Human Resource & Organisational Development Consultancy (HRODC) In accordance with International Intellectual Property Laws, direct or indirect reference to this and other Research Papers (Research Articles) on this site must be acknowledged the author being cited and HRODC noted as publisher. INTRODUCTION (ABSTRACT TO FOLLOW) It may be accurate to suggest that organisations exhibit varying levels of control - "the ability to cause something to happen" (Mann, !975, p.84) as an inherent feature of their structure. A terse definition of organisational structure might therefore be "the way in which work is organised and control exercised" (Salaman, 1979, p.61). It can also be described as: A system of roles, relationships (established or on-going interactions), responsibilities, power, authority, accountability and communication channels. The arrangement (formal system of relationship) which is necessary to pursue goals (Perrow, 1965). or "The metaphor for the power arrangement of an organisation" (Westwood, 1987, p.193).
According to Blau and Schoenberr (1973, p.19), though: "....... the power is rooted in the structure of the organisation, no individual has it, and individuals merely make the decisions through which this power is exercised as incumbents of positions in the formal structure".
Richard Hall (1972, p.53) adopts Blaus definition that it is: "the distribution along various lines, of people among social position that influence the role relations".
Mullins (1996) suggests that it enhances the economic and efficient performance of the organisation through equitable resource utilisation and monitoring of organisational activities. He also asserts that it provides a system through which accountability and co-ordination might be promoted. It allows the organisation the flexibility which it needs to respond to environmental influences and cater for the social satisfaction of its members. Although not explicit in this discussion, one objective of organisational structure must certainly be to determine whether the members are able to vary their behaviour and exercise discretion.
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HRODC Postgraduate Diploma and Diploma - Postgraduate: Distinction and AwardSeminars & In-house Courses of 1 3 Months Duration, Lead To the HRODC Postgraduate Diploma. Seminars and In-house Courses of 2 Days & More But Less Than 1 Month Lead To HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate. Attainment requirement for HRODC Postgraduate Diploma & Diploma - Postgraduate - is 50% Minimum. HRODC Certificate of Attendance & Participation will be awarded to Delegates of Seminars & Courses of less than 2 days and those gaining less than 50% pass in the Postgraduate Diploma or Diploma - Postgraduate - Seminars and In-house Courses.
Individual Modules and Blocks of HRODC Postgraduate Diploma can be taken studied over a 3-year period, anywhere in the world that they are offered. All modules or Blocks, in the case of the Postgraduate Diploma in Executive Management, must have been studied, with Delegates gaining 50% and above in at least 70% of the modules or blocks. To achieve the attainment level required for the Award of HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in Communication and Information Management, delegates should achieve a minimum of 50% pass in at least 70% of the modules. Module one will be treated as a double-unit and assessed in 2-parts, while module 3 will be regarded as 4 units, assessed in 4 distinct parts. There are, therefore 10 units, for assessment purpose, requiring at least a pass in 7 units, at 50% or higher. The assessment will be facilitated by the issuance of bound copies of course guides and course supplement (possibly combined), at the beginning of the training.
Delegates who fail to achieve the requirement for HRODC Postgraduate Diploma, or Diploma - Postgraduate - will be given support for 2 re-submissions. Those delegates who fail to achieve the requirement for the Postgraduate Diploma or Diploma - Postgraduate - on 2 resubmissions, or those who elect not to receive them, will be awarded the Certificate of Attendance and Participation. All seminar guides and course guides will indicate which activities will count towards HRODC Diploma.
Title Examples of HRODC Postgraduate Diploma and HRODC Diploma, at Postgraduate Level HRODC Postgraduate Diploma Course or Seminar Titles include: HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in human resource management (HRM); HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in Comprehensive human resource management (HRM); HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in Executive Management; HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in Comprehensive Real Estate Management; HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in Women in Management; HRODC postgraduate Diploma in Comprehensive Project Management; HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Communication and Information Management. International seminars include Dynamics Of Organisational Change Management Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Organisational Change Management; Client Or Customer Care Seminar, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Client Or Customer Care; Trainer Training: Training for Trainers Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Trainer Training: Training for Trainers; Motivating Workers: Intrinsic and Extrinsic Rewards Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Worker Motivation; Employee Resourcing: Recruitment and Selection Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Employee Resourcing: Recruitment and Selection; Diversity Management: A Value-Added Inclusion Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Diversity Management; Research Project: Design, Conduct & Report Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Research Project Management; Anti-Dumping and Anti-Subsidy: Claims, Measures and Stance Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Anti-Dumping and Anti-Subsidy; Internal Audit Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Internal Audit; human resource management (HRM): A Practitioners Approach Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in human resource management (HRM); Financial Risk Management Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Financial Risk Management; Judges Seminar (public course) 1: Dealing with Economic and Financial Crimes Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Judging Economic and Financial Crimes; Judges Seminar (public course) 2: The UK Legal System Court Organisation, Management & Sentencing Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in UK Legal System: Court Organisation and Management; Fundamentals of The Automotive Industry Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Fundamentals of Automotive Industry; Advanced Project Management Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Advanced Project Management; Productivity Improvement Seminar (public course), Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Productivity Improvement; Comprehensive Real Estate Management Seminar (Public Course), Leading to HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in Comprehensive Real Estate Management; Real Estate Management: An Introduction Seminar, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Introduction to Real Estate Management; Conveyancing and Property Valuation Seminar, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Conveyancing and Property Valuation; human resource management (HRM): A Comprehensive View Seminar, Leading to HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in Comprehensive human resource management (HRM); Fundamentals of Aviation (Air) Cargo Seminar (Public Course), Leading to HRODC Diploma, in Fundamentals of Air Cargo; UK Employment Law Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in UK Employment Law; UK Consumer Protection Law Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in UK Consumer Law; ISO 9000 Quality Systems Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in ISO 9000 Quality Systems; Modern Quality Systems Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Modern Quality Systems; Modern Quality Systems and ISO 9000 Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Modern Quality Systems and ISO 9000; Personnel and Occupational Testing Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Personnel and Occupational Testing; Personnel and Occupational Test Questionnaire Design and Results Analysis Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Personnel and Occupational Test Questionnaire Design and Results Analysis; Information, Risk, Security and Crisis Management Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Information, Risk and Security Management; Executive Leadership and High Performance Team Management Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Executive Leadership and High Performance Team Management; Organisational Design: Structuring and Restructuring Organisations Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Organisational Design: Structuring and Restructuring Organisations; Postgraduate Diploma in Executive Management Seminar or Public Course, leading to HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in Executive Management; Creating Investment Projects In The Industrial Sector Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Investment Projects in Industrial Sector; Evaluating the Performance of Industrial Investments Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Industrial Investment Performance Evaluation; Strategic Management and Project Management Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Strategic Management and Project Management; Upstream Oil & Gas Accounting & Contracts: Oil & Gas Operation, Mineral Rights, Leases & Successful Efforts Accounting Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Fundamentals in Oil and Gas Accounting; Advanced Financial Accounting For Non-Accountants Seminar or Public Course, Incorporating Balanced Score card, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Advanced Financial Accounting; Advanced Cost Management for Business Competitiveness Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Advanced Cost Management; Assessing Parenting Capability and Children's Need; and Recording & Report Writing For Social Service Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Assessing Parenting Capability and Children's Need; and Recording & Report Writing For Social Service; Strategic Management and Strategic Cost Management Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Strategic Management and Strategic Cost Management; Strategic Management Accounting Seminar or Public Course, Incorporating Balanced Score Card, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Strategic Management Accounting; Advanced Budgeting For Business Enhancement Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Advanced Budgeting; Communication, Information Gathering, Analysis and Report Writing Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in Communication and Information Management; Women In Management Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in Women in Management; Comprehensive Project Management Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC postgraduate Diploma in Comprehensive Project Management; Advanced Oil and Gas Accounting (1) Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Advanced Oil and Gas Accounting (1); Advanced Oil and Gas Accounting (2) Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Advanced Oil and Gas Accounting (2); Advanced Oil and Gas Accounting (3) Seminar or Public Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Advanced Oil and Gas Accounting (3); Leadership Styles Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Leadership Styles; Team Dynamics Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Team Dynamics; Modern Marketing in a Consumer-Lead Environment Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Marketing Management; The Management of Organisational Resources Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Resource Management; Effective Time Management Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Time Management; Delegating For Role and Organisational Effectiveness Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Organisational Delegation; The Dynamic Functions of Management Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Management Functions; Training Needs Analysis: Determining Training Needs Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Training Needs Analysis; Economic and Financial Values of International Dumping and Subsidy Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Economics and Finance of International Dumping and Subsidy; Planning, Costing and Budgeting for Executive Decision-Making Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Training Needs Analysis; HR Training and Development Management Seminar or course, Leading to HRODC Postgraduate Diploma in HR Training and Development Management; Business and Organisational Analysis Seminar or Course, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Business and Organisational Analysis; Employee Resourcing and Motivation, Leading to HRODC Diploma - Postgraduate - in Employee Resourcing and Worker Motivation. HRODC Postgraduate Diploma and HRODC Diploma Postgraduate - Click For Application Form for HRODC Postgraduate Courses. HRODC aims to deliver these and other courses to all world capitals, including Afghanistan Kabul; Albania Tirane; Algeria Algiers; Andorra - Andorra la Vella; Angola Luanda; Antigua and Barbuda - Saint John's; Argentina; - Buenos Aires; Armenia Yerevan; Australia Canberra; Austria Vienna; Azerbaijan Baku; The Bahamas Nassau; Bahrain Manama; Bangladesh Dhaka; Barbados Bridgetown; Belarus Minsk; Belgium Brussels; Belize Belmopan; Benin - Porto-Novo; Bhutan Thimphu; Bolivia - La Paz (administrative) Sucre (judicial); Bosnia and Herzegovina Sarajevo; Botswana Gaborone; Brazil Brasilia; Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan; Bulgaria Sofia; Burkina Faso Ouagadougou; Burundi Bujumbura; Cambodia - Phnom Penh; Cameroon Yaounde; Canada Ottawa; Cape Verde Praia; Central African Republic Bangui; Chad - N'Djamena; Chile Santiago; China Beijing; Colombia Bogota; Comoros Moroni Congo, Republic of the Brazzaville; Congo, Democratic Republic of the Kinshasa; Costa Rica - San Jose; Cote d'Ivoire - Yamoussoukro (official) Abidjan (de facto); Croatia Zagreb; Cuba Havana; Cyprus Nicosia; Czech Republic Prague; Denmark Copenhagen; Djibouti Djibouti; Dominica Roseau; Dominican Republic - Santo Domingo; East Timor Dili; Ecuador Quito; Egypt Cairo; El Salvador - San Salvador; Equatorial Guinea Malabo; Eritrea Asmara; Estonia Tallinn; Ethiopia - Addis Ababa; Fiji Suva; Finland Helsinki; France Paris; Gabon Libreville; The Gambia Banjul; Georgia Tbilisi; Germany Berlin; Ghana Accra; Greece Athens; Grenada - Saint George's; Guatemala - Guatemala City; Guinea Conakry; Guinea-Bissau Bissau; Guyana Georgetown; Haiti - Port-au-Prince; Honduras Tegucigalpa; Hungary Budapest; Iceland Reykjavik; India - New Delhi; Indonesia Jakarta; Iran Tehran; Iraq Baghdad; Ireland Dublin; Israel Jerusalem; Italy Rome; Jamaica Kingston; Japan Tokyo; Jordan Amman; Kazakhstan Astana; Kenya Nairobi; Kiribati Tarawa; Korea, North Pyongyang; Korea, South Seoul; Kuwait - Kuwait City; Kyrgyzstan Bishkek; Laos Vientiane; Latvia Riga; Lebanon Beirut; Lesotho Maseru; Liberia Monrovia; Libya Tripoli; Liechtenstein Vaduz; Lithuania Vilnius; Luxembourg Luxembourg; Macedonia Skopje; Madagascar Antananarivo; Malawi Lilongwe; Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur; Maldives Male; Mali Bamako; Malta Valletta; Marshall Islands Majuro; Mauritania Nouakchott; Mauritius - Port Louis; Mexico - Mexico City; Federated States of Micronesia Palikir; Moldova Chisinau; Monaco Monaco; Mongolia Ulaanbaatar; Montenegro Podgorica; Morocco Rabat; Mozambique Maputo; Myanmar (Burma) - Rangoon but moving to Pyinmana; Namibia Windhoek, Nauru - no official capital, government offices in Yaren District; Nepal Kathmandu; Netherlands Amsterdam; New Zealand Wellington; Nicaragua Managua; Niger Niamey; Nigeria Abuja; Norway Oslo; Oman Muscat; Pakistan Islamabad; Palau Koror; Panama - Panama City; Papua New Guinea - Port Moresby; Paraguay Asuncion; Peru Lima; Philippines Manila; Poland Warsaw; Portugal Lisbon; Qatar Doha; Romania Bucharest; Russia Moscow; Rwanda Kigali; Saint Kitts and Nevis Basseterre; Saint Lucia Castries; Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Kingstown; Samoa Apia; San Marino - San Marino; Sao Tome and Principe - Sao Tome; Saudi Arabia Riyadh; Senegal Dakar; Serbia Belgrade; Seychelles Victoria; Sierra Leone Freetown; Singapore Singapore; Slovakia Bratislava; Slovenia Ljubljana; Solomon Islands Honiara; Somalia Mogadishu; South Africa - Pretoria (administrative) Cape Town (legislative) Bloemfontein (judiciary); Spain Madrid; Sri Lanka Colombo; Sudan Khartoum; Suriname Paramaribo; Swaziland Mbabana; Sweden Stockholm; Switzerland Bern; Syria Damascus; Tajikistan Dushanbe; Tanzania - Dar es alaam; Thailand Bangkok; Togo Lome; Tonga - Nuku'alofa; Trinidad and Tobago - Port-of-Spain; Tunisia Tunis; Turkey Ankara; Turkmenistan Ashgabat; Tuvalu Funafuti; Uganda Kampala; Ukraine Kyiv; United Arab Emirates - Abu Dhabi; United Kingdom London; United States - Washington D.C; Uruguay Montevideo; Uzbekistan Tashkent; Vanuatu - Port-Vila; Vatican City (Holy See) - Vatican City; Venezuela Caracas; Vietnam Hanoi; Yemen Sanaa; Zambia Lusaka; Zimbabwe Harare. Applications are invited for the position of National Representatives for These Countries. Click For Details of our National Representative Positions.
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The Headquarters of HRODC Postgraduate Training Institute is in Wolverhampton, West Midlands, UK.
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Human Resource and Organisational Development Consultancy (HRODC) Postgraduate
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